Trials Today

Venetoclax in Children With Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

Purpose

A study to evaluate if the randomized addition of venetoclax to a chemotherapy backbone (fludarabine/cytarabine/gemtuzumab ozogamicin [GO]) improves survival of children/adolescents/young adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in 1st relapse who are unable to receive additional anthracyclines, or in 2nd relapse.

Condition

Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Eligibility

Eligible Ages: Between 29 Days and 21 Years
Eligible Sex: All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Inclusion Criteria

Participants must have enrolled on APAL2020SC, NCT Number: NCT04726241 prior to enrollment on ITCC-101/APAL2020D. (This is only applicable for participants in USA/Canada/Australia/New Zealand sites/Blood Cancer United territory). - Participants must be ≥ 29 days of age and ≤ 21 years of age at enrollment. - Participants must have one of the following: 1. Children, adolescents, and young adults with AML without demonstrated FLT3/internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutation. Ideally, the status of the mutation needs to be proven in the current relapse. Nevertheless, patients with previous FLT3/ITD negative test from prior lines can be included based on local results in order to not delay the start of treatment. 2. And participants must have AML which is either: - Untreated second relapse, in participants who are sufficiently fit to undergo another round of intensive chemotherapy, or - Untreated first relapse, in participants who cannot tolerate additional anthracycline containing chemotherapy per investigator discretion. - Participants must have a performance status corresponding to Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scores of 0, 1 or 2 (≥ 50% Lansky or Karnofsky score). - Participants must have fully recovered from the acute toxic effects of all prior anti-cancer therapy and must meet the following minimum duration from prior anti-cancer directed therapy prior to start of protocol treatment: 1. Cytotoxic chemotherapy: Must not have received cytotoxic chemotherapy within 14 days prior to start of protocol treatment, except for corticosteroids, low dose cytarabine or hydroxyurea that can be given up to 24 hours prior to start of protocol treatment. 2. Intrathecal cytotoxic therapy: No wash-out time is required for participants having received any combination of intrathecal cytarabine, methotrexate, and/or hydrocortisone. 3. Antibodies: ≥ 21 days must have elapsed from infusion of last dose of an antibody-drug conjugate before start of protocol treatment. For unmodified antibodies or T cell engaging antibodies, 2 half-lives must have elapsed before start of protocol treatment. Any toxicity related to prior antibody therapy must be recovered to Grade ≤ 1. 4. Interleukins, Interferons and Cytokines (other than Hematopoietic Growth Factors): ≥ 21 days after the completion of interleukins, interferon or cytokines (other than Hematopoietic Growth Factors) before start of protocol treatment. 5. Hematopoietic growth factors: ≥ 14 days after the last dose of a long-acting growth factor (e.g., pegfilgrastim) or ≥7 days for short-acting growth factor before start of protocol treatment. 6. Radiation therapy (RT) (before start of protocol treatment): - ≥ 14 days have elapsed for local palliative RT (small port); - ≥ 84 days must have elapsed if prior craniospinal RT or if ≥ 50% radiation of pelvis; - ≥ 42 days must have elapsed if other substantial bone marrow (BM) radiation. 7. Stem Cell Infusions (before start of protocol treatment): - ≥ 84 days since allogeneic (non-autologous) bone marrow or stem cell transplant (with or without total body irradiation [TBI]) or boost infusion (any stem cell product; not including donor lymphocyte infusion [DLI]); - No evidence of active graft versus host disease (GVHD). 8. Participants who are receiving cyclosporine, tacrolimus or other agents to treat or prevent either graft-versus-host disease post bone marrow transplant or organ rejection post-transplant are not eligible for this trial. Participants must be off medications to treat or prevent either graft-versus-host disease post bone marrow transplant or organ rejection post-transplant for at least 14 days prior to enrollment. 9. Cellular Therapy: ≥ 42 days after the completion of donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) or any type of cellular therapy (e.g., modified T cells, natural killer [NK] cells, dendritic cells, etc.) before start of protocol treatment. 10. Participants with prior exposure to venetoclax are eligible in this trial. - Adequate organ function: 1. Adequate Renal Function defined as: - Creatinine clearance or radioisotope glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≥ 60ml/min/1.73 m^2, or - Normal serum creatinine based on age/sex 2. Adequate Liver Function defined as: - Direct bilirubin < 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN), and - Alkaline phosphatase ≤ 2.5 x ULN, and - Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 2.5 x ULN. If higher transaminases outside these ranges (up to 5x ULN) are due to a radiographically identifiable leukemia infiltrate, the participant will remain eligible. Transaminase elevation up to 5x ULN is also allowed in case of steatosis on echography. 3. Cardiac performance: Minimum cardiac function defined as: - No history of congestive heart failure in need of medical treatment - No pre-treatment diminished left ventricular function on echocardiography (shortening fraction [SF] < 25% or ejection fraction [EF] < 40%) - No signs of congestive heart failure at presentation of relapse. - Participant, parent or guardian must sign and date informed consent and pediatric assent (when required), prior to the initiation of screening or study specific procedures, according to local law and legislation.

Exclusion Criteria

Participants who in the opinion of the investigator may not be able to comply with the study requirements of the study, are not eligible. - Participants with Down syndrome. - Participants with Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) or Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). - Participants with isolated CNS3 disease or symptomatic CNS3 disease. - Participants with malabsorption syndrome or any other condition that precludes enteral administration of venetoclax. - Participants who are currently receiving an investigational drug other than those specified for this study. - Participants with Fanconi anemia, Kostmann syndrome, Shwachman syndrome or any other known congenital bone marrow failure syndrome. - Participants with known prior allergy to any of the medications used in protocol therapy. - Participants with documented active, uncontrolled infection at the time of study entry. - Known hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) (known positive hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) results), or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. - Concomitant Medications - Participants who have received strong and moderate CYP3A inducers such as rifampin, carbamazepine, phenytoin, and St. John's wort within 7 days of the start of study treatment. - Participants who have consumed grapefruit, grapefruit products, Seville oranges (including marmalade containing Seville oranges) or starfruit within 3 days of the start of study treatment. - Participants who have hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in summary of product characteristics (SPC). - Pregnancy or Breast-Feeding: - Participants who are pregnant or breast-feeding. - Participants of reproductive potential may not participate unless they have agreed to use a highly effective contraceptive method per Clinical Trial Facilitation Group (CTFG) guidelines for the duration of study therapy and at least 30 days after last dose of venetoclax, or 7 months after gemtuzumab ozogamicin treatment, or for 6 months after the completion of all study therapy, whichever is longer. - Male participants must use a condom during intercourse and agree not to father a child or donate sperm during therapy and for the duration of study therapy and at least 30 days after last dose of venetoclax or 4 months after last dose of gemtuzumab ozogamicin, 6 months from the last dose of cytarabine, or 90-days after last exposure to any other chemotherapy, whichever is longer. Additional criteria to receive a gemtuzumab ozogamicin infusion: Gemtuzumab ozogamicin should not be given: - to participants with history of veno-occlusive disease (VOD)/Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) grade 3 or 4 - to participants with CD33 negative leukemic blasts (determined at local lab) Note that these participants are eligible for the study but will not be treated with gemtuzumab ozogamicin.

Study Design

Phase: Phase 3
Study Type: Interventional
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Primary Purpose: Treatment
Masking: None (Open Label)

Arm Groups

Arm	Description	Assigned Intervention
Active Comparator Arm A: Control Arm without Venetoclax	During Cycle 1 (42-day-cycles), participants will receive 30 mg/m^2 of fludarabine followed by 2 g/m^2 of cytarabine on Days 1-5. Gemtuzumab 3 mg/m^2 will be given on Day 6 (only for participants with CD33 expression on leukemia blasts). During Cycle 2 participants will receive 30 mg/m^2 of fludarabine followed by 2 g/m^2 of cytarabine on Days 1-5. After Cycle 2 participants are assessed for HSCT or azacitidine maintenance therapy.	Drug: Fludarabine Intravenous (IV) infusion Drug: Cytarabine Intravenous (IV) infusion Drug: Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin Intravenous (IV) infusion Drug: Azacitidine Intravenous (IV) infusion or subcutaneous injection
Experimental Arm B: Experimental Arm with Venetoclax	During Cycle 1 (42-day-cycles), participants will receive 300 mg adult dose equivalent of venetoclax once on Day 1 followed by 600 mg adult dose equivalent of venetoclax on Days 2-21. Participants will also receive 30 mg/m^2 of fludarabine followed by 2 g/m^2 of cytarabine on Days 8-12. Gemtuzumab 3 mg/m^2 will be given on Day 13 (only for participants with CD33 expression on leukemia blasts). During Cycle 2, participants will receive 600 mg adult dose equivalent of venetoclax on Days 1-21. Participants will receive 30 mg/m^2 of fludarabine followed by 2 g/m^2 of cytarabine on Days 1-5. After Cycle 2 participants are assessed for HSCT or azacitidine maintenance therapy in combination with venetoclax.	Drug: Fludarabine Intravenous (IV) infusion Drug: Cytarabine Intravenous (IV) infusion Drug: Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin Intravenous (IV) infusion Drug: Azacitidine Intravenous (IV) infusion or subcutaneous injection Drug: Venetoclax Orally via tablet or powder suspension

Recruiting Locations

Phoenix Children's Hospital
Phoenix 5308655, Arizona 5551752 85016

Arkansas Children's Hospital
Little Rock 4119403, Arkansas 4099753 72202

MemorialCare Miller Children's and Women's Hospital Long Beach
Long Beach 5367929, California 5332921 90806

Children's Hospital of Orange County Main Campus - Orange
Orange 5379513, California 5332921 92868

Benioff Children's Hospital - Mission Bay
San Francisco 5391959, California 5332921 94158

Children's Hospital Colorado
Aurora 5412347, Colorado 5417618 80045

Yale University
New Haven 4839366, Connecticut 4831725 06511

Nemours Alfred I. Dupont Hospital for Children
Wilmington 4145381, Delaware 4142224 19803

Golisano Children's Hospital of Southwest Florida
Fort Myers 4155995, Florida 4155751 33908

University of Florida Health Shands Children's Hospital
Gainesville 4156404, Florida 4155751 32610

Nemours Children's Specialty Care Jacksonville
Jacksonville 4160021, Florida 4155751 32207

Nemours Children's Hospital - Orlando
Orlando 4167147, Florida 4155751 32827

Saint Joseph's Hospital - Tampa
Tampa 4174757, Florida 4155751 33607

Children's Healthcare of Atlanta
Atlanta 4180439, Georgia 4197000 30322

Kapi'olani Medical Center for Women and Children
Honolulu 5856195, Hawaii 5855797 96826

Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago
Chicago 4887398, Illinois 4896861 60611

Comer Children's Hospital
Chicago 4887398, Illinois 4896861 60637

Indiana University School of Medicine
Indianapolis 4259418, Indiana 4921868 46202

University of Iowa Stead Family Children's Hospital
Iowa City 4862034, Iowa 4862182 52242

Norton Children's Hospital
Louisville 4299276, Kentucky 6254925 40202

Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Boston 4930956, Massachusetts 6254926 02215

C.S. Mott Children's Hospital
Ann Arbor 4984247, Michigan 5001836 48109-4259

Children's Hospital of Michigan
Detroit 4990729, Michigan 5001836 48201

Masonic Cancer Center
Minneapolis 5037649, Minnesota 5037779 55455

University of Mississippi Medical Center
Jackson 4431410, Mississippi 4436296 39216

The Children's Mercy Hospital - Adele Hall Campus
Kansas City 4393217, Missouri 4398678 64108

Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
St Louis 4407066, Missouri 4398678 63110

Alliance for Childhood Diseases dba Cure 4 The Kids Foundation
Las Vegas 5506956, Nevada 5509151 89135

Hackensack University Medical Center, HMH
Hackensack 5098706, New Jersey 5101760 07601

Morristown Medical Center
Morristown 5101427, New Jersey 5101760 07960

Columbia University Irving Medical Center
New York 5128581, New York 5128638 10032

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center - New York
New York 5128581, New York 5128638 10065

Cohen Children's Medical Center
Queens 5133273, New York 5128638 11040

Nationwide Children's Hospital
Columbus 4509177, Ohio 5165418 43205

Doernbecher Children's Hospital
Portland 5746545, Oregon 5744337 97239

Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Philadelphia 4560349, Pennsylvania 6254927 19104

Prisma Health Richland Hospital
Columbia 4575352, South Carolina 4597040 29203

St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
Memphis 4641239, Tennessee 4662168 38105-3678

Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt
Nashville 4644585, Tennessee 4662168 37232

Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center
Dallas 4684888, Texas 4736286 75235

Texas Children's Hospital
Houston 4699066, Texas 4736286 77030

Primary Children's Hospital
Salt Lake City 5780993, Utah 5549030 84113

Children's Hospital of Richmond at Virginia Commonwealth University
Richmond 4781708, Virginia 6254928 23219

Seattle Children's Hospital
Seattle 5809844, Washington 5815135 98105

More Details

NCT ID: NCT05183035
Status: Recruiting
Sponsor: PedAL BCU, LLC

Study Contact

Gwen Nichols, MD
914-821-8217
gwen.nichols@lls.org

Detailed Description

Relapse of AML is driven by chemotherapy resistant stem cells. One mechanism of chemotherapeutic resistance in AML is the overexpression of the protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2), an anti-apoptotic protein which sequesters intracellular activators of apoptosis. Venetoclax is a selective, potent, orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of BCL-2 that restores programmed cell death in cancer cells. This is a trial for children, adolescents and young adults with 2nd relapsed AML or 1st relapsed AML unable to receive additional anthracycline. This is randomized trial of venetoclax in combination with intensive chemotherapy (fludarabine/cytarabine/gemtuzumab ozogamicin) for the first two cycles (42-day-cycles) that would inform and evaluate if this agent is an effective option for this population to improve its poor prognosis. Participants can receive up to two cycles of induction chemotherapy before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). If participants who have perceived clinical benefit cannot be transplanted after the 2 cycles, maintenance treatment may be given at the discretion of the investigator. In Arm B (experimental arm), participants can continue venetoclax if they have perceived clinical benefit, and maintenance therapy will combine venetoclax with azacitidine for a maximum of 24 cycles. In Arm A (control arm), participants will receive azacitidine in monotherapy. Maintenance is continued until clinical progression or unacceptable toxicity with a maximum of 24 cycles.

Notice

Study information shown on this site is derived from ClinicalTrials.gov (a public registry operated by the National Institutes of Health). The listing of studies provided is not certain to be all studies for which you might be eligible. Furthermore, study eligibility requirements can be difficult to understand and may change over time, so it is wise to speak with your medical care provider and individual research study teams when making decisions related to participation.